Caste Politics In Bihar: An Overview

In Bihar, political parties are increasingly engaging in discussions around caste dynamics. Many are focusing on appealing to Dalit and backward class voters, with Dalits comprising approximately 20% of the electorate, OBCs around 27%, and EBCs about 36%, according to various sources. This aggregates to about 63% of the votes, while the upper caste represents roughly 15%. Given the current political landscape, there is a heightened competition among parties to gain the support of these demographics source says. The BJP appears to be concerned, as recent surveys indicate that the JD(U) may be losing its traditional support base, with some voters potentially gravitating towards Congress, particularly among the Dhanuk and Koiri communities sources add. 

Rahul Gandhi has taken proactive steps to engage Dalit voters, including the appointment of Rajesh Ram as the state president, which seems to be contributing to a notable shift in allegiances. In his political engagements, Gandhi often references the constitution and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, expressing a commitment to inclusivity and raising concerns about the future political landscape source says. Notably, while the Paswans and Dusads may maintain their support LJP, other Dalit communities such as the Ravidas, Nishads, and Mochis are increasingly aligning with and showing sympathy towards Congress. If these sentiments translate into votes, it could potentially benefit Tejaswi Yadav in the upcoming elections.

The BJP seems aware of these shifting dynamics, particularly in light of comparisons to the PDA coalition in Uttar Pradesh, which played a significant role in the 2024 Lok Sabha elections source says. In response, the BJP is organizing initiatives like the Tiranga Yatra to promote nationalistic sentiments, alongside their ongoing efforts related to Operation Sindoor. This evolving political scenario in Bihar reflects the complexities of caste dynamics and the strategic moves by various parties as they prepare for the future source says.